Apinae Cephalotrigona
Cytogenetic data
| Tribe | Species | Sample local | Country(ies) | Haploid(n) | Diploid(2n) | Karyotype | Notes | Genome size (pg) | Classic cytogenetic data | Molecular cytogenetic data | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meliponini | Cephalotrigona capitata | Piranga, Viçosa, Minas Gerais | Brazil | 34 | 2k= 18acrocentric + 16pseudo-acrocentric; 2k= 30metacentric + 4acrocentric | Giemsa, C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal , microsatellites, satellite probes) | Rocha et al. 2003a Cunha et al. 2021 Tavares et al. 2023 Cunha et al. 2024 Vignati et al. 2025 | |||
| Meliponini | Cephalotrigona femorata | Urbano Santos, Maranhão | Brazil | 34 | 2k= 34pseudo-acrocentric; 2k= 24metacentric + 6submetacentric + 4subtelocentric | 0.55 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Tavares et al. 2012 Miranda et al. 2013 Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 |
Chromosome classification: Levan et al. (1964): metacentric (m), submetacentric (sm), subtelocentric (st), or acrocentric (a). Imai (1991): metacentric (M) or acrocentric (A), with a variety of forms depending on the position of the heterochromatin on the karyotype.
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Histogram
Bibliography
Tavares, M.G., Oliveira, E.R., Elizeu, A.M., Novaes, C.M., Travenzoli, N.M., Lopes, D.M. Comparative molecular cytogenetics in five species of stingless bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae). Zoologischer Anzeiger, 302 : pp 37-42. 2023. DOI: [10.1016/j.jcz.2022.11.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcz.2022.11.008]
Cunha, M.S., Garcia, M.V.B., Campos, L.A.O., Lopes, D.M. Cytotaxonomy and karyotype evolution in Neotropical Meliponini (Hymenoptera: Apidae) inferred by chromosomal mapping of 18S rDNA and five microsatellites. Journal of Apicultural Research, 63 : pp 208-218. 2024. DOI: [10.1080/00218839.2023.2179228 https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2023.2179228]
Rocha, M.P., Pompolo, S.G., Campos, L.A.O. Citogenética da tribo Meliponini (Hymenoptera, Apidae). UNESC, Criciúma, : pp 311-320. 2003a
Cunha, M.S., Soares, F.A.F., Clarindo, W.R., Campos, L.A.O., Lopes, D.M. Robertsonian rearrangements in Neotropical Meliponini karyotype evolution (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini). Insect Molecular Biology, 30 : pp 379-389. 2021. DOI: [10.1111/imb.12702 https://doi.org/10.1111/imb.12702]
Tavares, M.G., Carvalho, C.R., Soares, F.A.F., Campos, L.A.O. Genome size diversity in stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini). Apidologie, 43 : pp 731-736. 2012. DOI: [10.1007/s13592-012-0145-x https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-012-0145-x]
Miranda, R.V., Fernandes, A., Lopes, D.M. Karyotype description of Cephalotrigona femorata Smith (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the C-banding pattern as a specific marker for Cephalotrigona. Sociobiology, 60 : pp 125-127. 2013. DOI: [10.13102/sociobiology.v60i1.125-127 https://doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v60i1.125-127]
Vignati, Z.B.M., Teixeira, G.A., Cunha, M.S., Pereira, J.A., Lopes, D.M. Cytogenomics of Frieseomelitta varia (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the sharing of a satellite DNA family in several Neotropical Meliponini genera. Genes, 16 : pp 86. 2025. DOI: [10.3390/genes16010086 https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16010086]