Apinae Melipona
Cytogenetic data
| Tribe | Species | Sample local | Country(ies) | Haploid(n) | Diploid(2n) | Karyotype | Notes | Genome size (pg) | Classic cytogenetic data | Molecular cytogenetic data | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meliponini | Melipona amazonica | Iranduba, Amazonas | Brazil | 18 | 2k= 10metacentric + 6submetacentric + 2subtelocentric | 0.31 | Giemsa | Cunha et al. 2021 | |||
| Meliponini | Melipona asilvai | Pedra de Maria da Cruz, Minas Gerais; Santana do Seridó, Rio Grande do Norte | Brazil | 9 | 18 | 2k= 6metacentric + 10submetacentric + 2acrocentric | C-banding, Ag-NOR | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Rocha and Pompolo 1998 Rocha et al. 2002 Rocha et al. 2007 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Pereira et al. 2021a | ||
| Meliponini | Melipona asilvai | São João do Sabugi, Paraíba | Brazil | 0.26-0.29 | Tavares et al. 2010b Tavares et al. 2012 | ||||||
| Meliponini | Melipona bicolor | Cunha, São Paulo; Viçosa, Minas Gerais | Brazil | 9 | 18 | 2k= 6metacentric + 8submetacentric + 4acrocentric | 0.25-0.28 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Rocha and Pompolo 1998 Rocha et al. 2002 Tavares et al. 2010b Tavares et al. 2012 Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a | |
| Meliponini | Melipona capixaba | Venda Nova do Imigrante, Espírito Santo | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3 | Rocha and Pompolo 1998 Rocha et al. 2002 | ||
| Meliponini | Melipona capixaba | Domingos Martins, Espírito Santo | Brazil | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 1.38 | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Tavares et al. 2010b Travenzoli et al. 2019a Pereira et al. 2021a | |||
| Meliponini | Melipona captiosa | Rio Branco, Acre | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | C-banding | Rocha and Pompolo 1998 | |||
| Meliponini | Melipona crinita | Rio Branco, Xapuri, Acre | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 0.73 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal probe) | Rocha et al. 2002 Tavares et al. 2010b Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 | |
| Meliponini | Melipona eburnea | Xapuri, Acre | Brazil | 1.11 | Tavares et al. 2010b | ||||||
| Meliponini | Melipona fasciculata | São Luis, Urbano Santos, Maranhão; Belém, Altamira, Pará | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | as Melipona compressipes in Rochaetal2002 | 0.82-0.84 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomoal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Rocha et al. 2002 Lopes et al. 2011 Tavares et al. 2012 Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 |
| Meliponini | Melipona fasciculata | Piripiri, Piauí | Brazil | as Melipona compressipes | 0.78 | Tavares et al. 2010b | |||||
| Meliponini | Melipona favosa | Locality not specified | Suriname | 9 | 18 | 2k= 12metacentric + 4submetacentric + 2acrocentric | Suriname (referred as Surinum) | C-banding | Hoshiba 1988 Hoshiba and Imai 1993 | ||
| Meliponini | Melipona flavolineata | Urbano Santos, Maranhão; Belém, Pará; Capixaba, Brasiléia, Xapuri, Acre | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 0.98 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Lopes et al. 2011 Tavares et al. 2012 Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a | |
| Meliponini | Melipona fuliginosa | Urbano Santos, Maranhão | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Lopes et al. 2011 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Pereira et al. 2021a | ||
| Meliponini | Melipona fulva | Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas | Brazil | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | Giemsa | FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Cunha et al. 2020 Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 | |||
| Meliponini | Melipona fuscopilosa | Rio Branco and Xapuri, Acre | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 1.10 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal probe) | Rocha and Pompolo 1998 Rocha et al. 2002 Tavares et al. 2010b Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 | |
| Meliponini | Melipona grandis | Xapuri, Acre | Brazil | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 0.95 | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal probe) | Tavares et al. 2010b Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 | |||
| Meliponini | Melipona interrupta | Manaus, Amazonas | Brazil | 9 | as Melipona compressipes manaosensis | Kerr 1972 | |||||
| Meliponini | Melipona interrupta | Iranduba, Itacoatiara, Amazonas | Brazil | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 0.80 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Travenzoli et al. 2019b Cunha et al. 2020 Cunha et al. 2021 | ||
| Meliponini | Melipona lateralis | Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas | Brazil | 11 | 22 | high heterochromatin content species | 0.87 | Giemsa | FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Cunha et al. 2020 Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 | |
| Meliponini | Melipona nebulosa | Xapuri, Acre | Brazil | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal probe) | Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 | ||||
| Meliponini | Melipona mandacaia | Irecê, Uauá, Bahia | Brazil | 9 | 18 | 2k= 2metacentric + 14submetacentric + 2acrocentric; 2k= 4metacentric + 12submetacentric + 2acrocentric | 0.33-0.35 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal probe) | Rocha et al. 2003b Tavares et al. 2010b Tavares et al. 2012 Pereira et al. 2021a | |
| Meliponini | Melipona marginata | Caeté, Viçosa, Minas Gerais | Brazil | 9 | 18 | C-banding, Ag-NOR | DAPI/CMA3 | Rocha and Pompolo 1998 Maffei et al. 2001 Rocha et al. 2002 | |||
| Meliponini | Melipona marginata | Cunha, São Paulo | Brazil | 0.28 | Tavares et al. 2010b | ||||||
| Meliponini | Melipona mondury | Diogo Vasconcelos, Itamarandiba, Rio Vermelho, Viçosa, Minas Gerais; Rio Bonito, Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 0.94-0.95 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive, satellite probes) | Lopes et al. 2008 Lopes et al. 2009 Tavares et al. 2012 Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Pereira et al. 2020 Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a Vignati et al. 2025 | |
| Meliponini | Melipona paraensis | Altamira, Pará | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Cunha et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a | ||
| Meliponini | Melipona paraensis | Iranduba, Amazonas | Brazil | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | as Melipona cf. rufiventris | Giemsa | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 | ||
| Meliponini | Melipona puncticollis | Altamira, Pará | Brazil | 9 | 18 | 2k= 4metacentric + 12submetacentric + 2acrocentric | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Cunha et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a | ||
| Meliponini | Melipona quadrifasciata | Pocinhos do Rio Verde, Minas Gerais; Santana de Parnaiba, São Paulo | Brazil | 9 | 18 | as Melipona quadrifasciata anthidioides | G-banding | Kerr 1972 Tambasco et al. 1979 | |||
| Meliponini | Melipona quadrifasciata | Caeté, Viçosa, Minas Gerais; Brejo Grande, Sergipe | Brazil | 9 | 18 | 2k= 4metacentric + 12submetacentric + 2acrocentric | 0.25-0.27 | Giemsa, C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive, satellite probes) | Rocha and Pompolo 1998 Rocha et al. 2002 Tavares et al. 2010b Silva et al. 2012 Tavares et al. 2012 Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a Pereira et al. 2021b Vignati et al. 2025 | |
| Meliponini | Melipona quinquefasciata | Ceará; Cristalina, Luizlândia, Goiás; Brasília, Distrito Federal; Bicas, Piumhi, Januária, Caeté, Minas Gerais | Brazil | 9 | 18 | 2k= 10metacentric + 6submetacentric + 2acrocentric; 2k= 8metacentric + 6submetacentric + 4subtelocentric | up to 4 B chromosomes have been described | 0.67-0.70 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Kerr 1972 Rocha et al. 2007 Tavares et al. 2010b Tavares et al. 2012 Silva et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 |
| Meliponini | Melipona rufiventris | Guimarânia, Minas Gerais | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 1 B chromosome has been described | 0.93 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites, chromosome painting, repetitive probes) | Lopes et al. 2008 Lopes et al. 2009 Lopes et al. 2014 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Cunha et al. 2020 Pereira et al. 2021a |
| Meliponini | Melipona scutellaris | Ilhéus, Lençóis, Encruzilhada, Bahia; Rio Claro, São Paulo; Pilões, Paraíba | Brazil | 9 | 18 | high heterochromatin content species | 1.08 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, U2 snDNA, microsatellites, satellite probes) | Rocha and Pompolo 1998 Rocha et al. 2002 Tavares et al. 2010b Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 Piccoli et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Pereira et al. 2021a Cunha et al. 2021 Pereira et al. 2021b Cunha et al. 2024 | |
| Meliponini | Melipona seminigra | Rio Branco, Acre | Brazil | 22 | high heterochromatin content species | as Melipona seminigra abunensis | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal probe) | Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 | |||
| Meliponini | Melipona seminigra | Nova Xavantina, Mato Grosso | Brazil | 0.85 | Tavares et al. 2010b | ||||||
| Meliponini | Melipona seminigra | Iranduba, Manaus, Amazonas | Brazil | 11 | 22 | high heterochromatin content species | as Melipona seminigra merrillae | 0.92 | C-banding, Ag-NOR | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (C0t-1, ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Francini et al. 2011 Cunha et al. 2018 Cunha et al. 2020 Barbosa et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2021 |
| Meliponini | Melipona seminigra | Altamira, Santarém, Pará | Brazil | 11 | 22 | high heterochromatin content species | as Melipona seminigra pernigra | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Cunha et al. 2018 Andrade-Souza et al. 2018 Travenzoli et al. 2019a Pereira et al. 2021a Cunha et al. 2024 | |
| Meliponini | Melipona subnitida | Mossoro, Santana do Seridó, Rio Grande do Norte | Brazil | 9 | 18 | 2k= 4metacentric + 10submetacentric + 4acrocentric | 0.27 | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probe) | Kerr 1972 Rocha et al. 2002 Tavares et al. 2010b Travenzoli et al. 2019a Pereira et al. 2021a | |
| Meliponini | Melipona sp. | Brasília, Distrito Federal | Brazil | 18 | 2k= 10metacentric + 6submetacentric + 2acrocentric | Giemsa | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 |
Chromosome classification: Levan et al. (1964): metacentric (m), submetacentric (sm), subtelocentric (st), or acrocentric (a). Imai (1991): metacentric (M) or acrocentric (A), with a variety of forms depending on the position of the heterochromatin on the karyotype.
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Histogram
Bibliography
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