Apinae Trigona
Cytogenetic data
| Tribe | Species | Sample local | Country(ies) | Haploid(n) | Diploid(2n) | Karyotype | Notes | Genome size (pg) | Classic cytogenetic data | Molecular cytogenetic data | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meliponini | Trigona branneri | Cuiabá, Mato Grosso | Brazil | 17 | 34 | 2k= 16acrocentric + 16pseudo-acrocentric + 2metacentric | C-banding | CMA3 | Costa et al. 2004 | ||
| Meliponini | Trigona braueri | Pedra Branca, Bahia | Brazil | 32 | 2k= 2metacentric + 4acrocentric + 26pseudo-acrocentric | as Trigona fulviventris | C-banding | DAPI/CMA3 | Domingues et al. 2005 | ||
| Meliponini | Trigona chanchamayoensis | Cuiabá, Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso | Brazil | 17 | 34 | 2k= 20acrocentric + 12pseudo-acrocentric + 2metacentric | C-banding | CMA3 | Costa et al. 2004 Fernandes et al. 2013b | ||
| Meliponini | Trigona fuscipennis | Florestal, Minas Gerais | Brazil | 34 | 2k= 26metacentric + 6submetacentric + 2subtelocentric | as Trigona aff. fuscipennis | C-banding | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Teixeira et al. 2023 Pereira et al. 2023 | ||
| Meliponini | Trigona hyalinata | Cuiabá, Mato Grosso; Viçosa, Minas Gerais | Brazil | 17 | 34 | 2k= 6acrocentric + 28pseudo-acrocentric; 2k= 26metacentric + 8submetacentric | 0.53 | C-banding | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Costa et al. 2004 Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 Teixeira et al. 2023 | |
| Meliponini | Trigona hypogea | Altamira, Pará | Brazil | 34 | 2k= 24metacentric + 8submetacentric + 2subtelocentric | C-banding | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probe) | Teixeira et al. 2023 | |||
| Meliponini | Trigona pallens | Urbano Santos, Maranhão; Altamira, Pará | Brazil | 34 | 2k= 26metacentric + 6submetacentric + 2subtelocentric | 0.81 | C-banding | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Tavares et al. 2012 Teixeira et al. 2023 Pereira et al. 2023 | ||
| Meliponini | Trigona recursa | Luislândia, Januária, Minas Gerais; Cuiabá, Mato Grosso | Brazil | 17 | 34 | variable among populations | C-banding | CMA3; FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Rocha et al. 2003a Costa et al. 2004 Cunha et al. 2021 Cunha et al. 2024 Pereira et al. 2023 | ||
| Meliponini | Trigona sp. | Cônego Marinho, Minas Gerais | Brazil | 17 | k= 2acrocentric + 15pseudo-acrocentric | as Trigona cfr. fuscipennis | C-banding | Rocha et al. 2003a | |||
| Meliponini | Trigona sp. | Urbano Santos, Maranhão | Brazil | as Trigona fulviventris | 0.70 | Tavares et al. 2012 | |||||
| Meliponini | Trigona spinipes | Bandeira, Januária, Janaúba, Bocaiúva, Mutum, Raul Soares, Florestal, Viçosa, Minas Gerais; Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo; Palotina, Paraná; Coaraci, Bahia; Milagres, Ceará | Brazil | 17 | 34 | variable among populations | 0.42-0.44 | Giemsa, C-banding | DAPI/CMA3; FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive, satellite probes) | Rocha et al. 2003a Tavares et al. 2012 Barboza and Costa 2021 Tavares et al. 2021 Pereira et al. 2023 Vignati et al. 2025 | |
| Meliponini | Trigona truculenta | Altamira, Pará | Brazil | 34 | 2k= 18metacentric + 14submetacentric + 2subtelocentric | C-banding | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites probes) | Teixeira et al. 2023 | |||
| Meliponini | Trigona williana | Altamira, Pará | Brazil | 34 | 2k= 26metacentric + 6submetacentric + 2subtelocentric | C-banding | FISH (ribosomal, microsatellites, repetitive probes) | Teixeira et al. 2023 Pereira et al. 2023 |
Chromosome classification: Levan et al. (1964): metacentric (m), submetacentric (sm), subtelocentric (st), or acrocentric (a). Imai (1991): metacentric (M) or acrocentric (A), with a variety of forms depending on the position of the heterochromatin on the karyotype.
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Histogram
Bibliography
Fernandes, A., Barth, A., Sampaio, W.S. Caracterização citogenética da espécie Trigona chanchamayoensis (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) encontrada no cerrado brasileiro. Evolução e Conservação da Biodiversidade, 4 : pp 63-67. 2013b. DOI: [10.7902/ecb.v4i2.55 https://doi.org/10.7902/ecb.v4i2.55]
Domingues, A.M.T., Waldschmidt, A.M., Andrade, S.E., Andrade-Souza, V., Alves, R.M.O., Silva Junior, J.C., Costa, M.A. Karyotype characterization of Trigona fulviventris Guérin, 1835 (Hymenoptera, Meliponini) by C banding and fluorochrome staining: Report of a new chromosome number in the genus. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 28 : pp 390-393. 2005. DOI: [10.1590/S1415-47572005000300009 https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-47572005000300009]
Tavares, M.G., Ferreira, R.P., Travenzoli, N.M., Lopes, D.M. Karyotypic variation in the stingless bee Trigona spinipes (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) from different geographical regions of Brazil. Apidologie, 52 : pp 1358-1367. 2021. DOI: [10.1007/s13592-021-00906-1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-021-00906-1]
Vignati, Z.B.M., Teixeira, G.A., Cunha, M.S., Pereira, J.A., Lopes, D.M. Cytogenomics of Frieseomelitta varia (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and the sharing of a satellite DNA family in several Neotropical Meliponini genera. Genes, 16 : pp 86. 2025. DOI: [10.3390/genes16010086 https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16010086]
Cunha, M.S., Garcia, M.V.B., Campos, L.A.O., Lopes, D.M. Cytotaxonomy and karyotype evolution in Neotropical Meliponini (Hymenoptera: Apidae) inferred by chromosomal mapping of 18S rDNA and five microsatellites. Journal of Apicultural Research, 63 : pp 208-218. 2024. DOI: [10.1080/00218839.2023.2179228 https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2023.2179228]
Cunha, M.S., Soares, F.A.F., Clarindo, W.R., Campos, L.A.O., Lopes, D.M. Robertsonian rearrangements in Neotropical Meliponini karyotype evolution (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini). Insect Molecular Biology, 30 : pp 379-389. 2021. DOI: [10.1111/imb.12702 https://doi.org/10.1111/imb.12702]
Tavares, M.G., Carvalho, C.R., Soares, F.A.F., Campos, L.A.O. Genome size diversity in stingless bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Meliponini). Apidologie, 43 : pp 731-736. 2012. DOI: [10.1007/s13592-012-0145-x https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-012-0145-x]
Teixeira, G.A., Ferreira, R.P., Lopes, D.M. Comparative cytogenetic analysis reveals chromosomal variability in five stingless bees of the genus Trigona (Apidae, Apinae, Meliponini). Apidologie, 54 : pp 22. 2023. DOI: [10.1007/s13592-023-01002-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13592-023-01002-2]
Barboza, V.P., Costa, M.A. Cytogenetic Analysis in Trigona spinipes Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Meliponina) reveals intraspecific variation. Neotropical Entomology, 50 : pp 846-849. 2021. DOI: [10.1007/s13744-021-00853-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-021-00853-7]
Rocha, M.P., Pompolo, S.G., Campos, L.A.O. Citogenética da tribo Meliponini (Hymenoptera, Apidae). UNESC, Criciúma, : pp 311-320. 2003a
Costa, K.F., Brito, R.M., Miyazawa, C.S. Karyotypic description of four species of Trigona (Jurine, 1807) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Genetics and Molecular Biology, 27 : pp 187-190. 2004. DOI: [10.1590/S1415-47572004000200010 https://doi.org/10.1590/S1415-47572004000200010]
Pereira, J.A., Cabral-de-Mello, D.C., Lopes, D.M. The Satellite DNAs populating the genome of Trigona hyalinata and the sharing of a highly abundant satDNA in Trigona Genus. Genes, 14 : pp 418. 2023. DOI: [10.3390/genes14020418 https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14020418]